Sicily-Syracuse

Greece: Sicily-Syracuse - On the southeast coast of Sicily

	Sicily-Syracuse, AR Tetradrachm, c.482-480 BC, Deinomenid Tyranny, Struck under Gelon (No legend) Charioteer driving walking quadriga right, holding kentron and reins; Nike flying above and crowning horses SURAKOSION Diademed head of Arethusa right; four dolphins swimming clockwise around 23mm x 24mm, 17.28g Boehringer 89 (V44/R58); SNG ANS 23 (same obverse die) Ex Barry Murphy, CICF, April 2008 Note: The obverse of the Syracusan Tetradrachm shows a charioteer driving a quadriga right. On nearly all the dies though, only two horse heads are visible. Only two dies, this one (V44) and V45 show all four horse heads.
	Sicily-Syracuse, AR Tetradrachm, c.485-480 BC, Deinomenid Tyranny, Struck under Gelon (No legend) Charioteer driving walking quadriga right, holding kentron and reins; Nike flying above and crowning horses SURAK_OSI_O_N Diademed head of Arethusa right; four dolphins swimming clockwise around 23mm x 25mm, 17.14g Boehringer 120 Ex Mark Drazak Collection Notes: The Deinomenid tyranny began in Gela. Cleandrus became tyrant in 505. He was an important and wealthy man and led the opposition to the ruling oligarchs. In 498 he was murdered, and Hippocrates took over. He engaged in military exploits in Sicily but died in 491. When Hippocrates died in 491 BCE, Gelon (with the army's loyalty) seized power and undertook a quiet rule from 491-485--when he intervened in Syracuse. The gomoroi (oligarchs) had lost control in Syracuse about 490. A democracy was established, but it remained disorganized. The Gomoroi, who had retreated to the interior of Sicily, appealed to Gelon in 4 85. He overpowered the democrats, gained control of Syracuse, and made the city his base. Gelon increased his power, developed a large army and navy, and gained control of half of Sicily. This led him into direct conflict with Carthage which, under Hamilcar, invaded Sicily but was completely defeated by Gelon in 480. This marked the end of Carthaginian intervention in Sicily for 70 years. Gelon died in 478; his reign was viewed as a period of prosperity and happiness. Gelon's brother Hieron succeeded.
	Greek, Sicily-Syracuse, AE Hemilitra, After 410 BC (No legend) Head of Arethusa left, wearing headband ΣY_PA Doplhin swimming right, shell below 14mm x 17mm, 3.05g Calciati 24 Ex David Cannon Collection
	Sicily-Syracuse, EL 50 Litrae, c.317-289 BC, Struck under Agathokles (No legend) Laureate head of Apollo left within beaded circle SURAK \| OSIWN Tripod 15mm, 3.69g BMC Sicily 183, 254; SNG ANS --
	Sicily-Syracuse, Agathokles (317-289 BC), AE Trias (?) ΣYPAKOΣIΩN Head of Kore left, wearing pendant earring, ivy leaf behind, all within beaded circle (No legend) Bull butting left within linear circle AΓ in exergue 16mm x 17mm, 3.41g Note: The exergual mark actually appears to be NI, however, I cannot find any similar examples. As such, I have to assume it is a corrupted A and a partially struck Γ.
	Sicily-Syracuse, EL 25 Litrae, c.310-305 BC (No legend) Laureate head of Apollo left SURAKO \| SIWN Lyre 10mm x 11mm, 1.82g SNG ANS 617
	Sicily-Syracuse, Hiketas II, AE24, c.287-278 BC SURAKUSIWN Head of Persephone right, B behind (No legend) Biga right A X in exergue Sear Greek 1210 Note: Obverse slightly rotated and double stuck, most of the eye and cheek detail evident on both strikes.
	Sicily-Syracuse, Hiketas II, AE23, c.287-278 BC DIOSELLANOU Laureate head of young Zeus Hellanios left, trophy in right field SURAKO_SIWN Eagle standing left on thunderbolt, * in left field 22mm x 24mm, 9.37g SNG ANS 810; Calciati 156
	Sicily-Syracuse, Philistis (Wife of Hieron II), AR 16 Litrai, 216-215 BC (No legend) Veiled, diademed head of Philistis left BASILISEAS Nike in walking quadriga right Crescent in upper field, A in right field FILISTIDOS in exergue 26mm x 27mm, 13.03g Burnett, Enna 32; SNG ANS 876 variant
	Hellenic Kingdoms and City States, Sicily-Syracuse, AR 2-1/2 Litrae, 215-212 BC (No legend) Laureate head of Apollo left ΣYPAKOΣION Isis standing facing, head left, sistrum in right hand, palm in left, veil billowing behind, E in right field 14mm x 15mm, 2.25g SNG Copenhagen 883; SNG ANS 905
	Sicily-Syracuse, AR 8 Litrai, 214-212 BC, Fifth Democracy (No legend) Head of Athena left wearing crested Corinthian helmet, necklace and single pendant earring SURAKOSIWN Winged thunderbolt YA S in lower field 23mm x 25mm, 6.72g Burnett, Enna 28; SNG ANS 1046 (same dies)