| Coin Example |
Name |
Representation |
Attributes |
Description of Coin Displayed |
 |
Abundantia |
Abundance |
cornucopiae, grain stalks |
ABVNDANTIA AVG
Abundantia standing right, emptying coins from cornucopiae |
 |
Aegyptos
|
Personification of Egypt |
crocodile, sistrum, stork, rattle |
AEGYPTOS
Egypt reclining left, holding sistrum in right hand and resting left arm on basket, ibis or stork at feet |
 |
Aequitas |
Equity |
cornucopiae, balance-scales, scepter |
AEQVITAS AVGG
Aequitas standing left, scales in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
 |
Aesculapius |
Healing |
snake staff, omphalos |
CONSERVATOR AVG
Aesculapius standing facing, head left, leaning on snake staff with right hand, right hand holding
back drapery of robe, globe at left foot |
 |
Aeternitas |
Stability |
globe, phoenix, scepter, torch, sometimes holding the heads of the sun and moon |
AETERNITAS
Aeternitas standing front, head left, phoenix on globe in right hand, leaning on
column with left arm |
 |
Africa |
Personification of North Africa |
scorpion, basket of grain, cornucopiae, snake-headdress,
elephant headdress, tusk, lion |
AFRICA
Africa reclining left, holding scorpion and cornucopiae |
 |
Africa |
Personification of North Africa |
scorpion, basket of grain, cornucopiae, snake-headdress,
elephant headdress, tusk, lion |
FELIX ADVENT AVGG N N
Africa standing facing in long drapery, head left in elephant-skin
headdress, standard in right hand, tusk in left, lion at feet to left with
captured bull
|
| |
Alamannia |
Personification of Alamannia |
|
|
 |
Alexandria |
Personification of Alexandria, Egypt |
sistrum, snake, basket |
ALEXANDRIA
Alexandria standing left, sistrum in right hand, snake in basket in left hand |
 |
Annona |
Wheat harvest |
grain stalks, cornucopiae, modius, prow |
ANNONA AVGG
Annona standing left, holding corn-ears in right hand over modius, cornucopiae
in left |
 |
Antiochia |
Personification of the city of Antioch |
|
GENIO ANTIOCHENI
Tyche of Antioch seated, facing on rocks, Orontes swimming beneath her |
 |
Anubis |
Egyptian god of the Underworld |
dog head, sistrum |
VOTA PVBLICA
Anubis standing facing, head left, sistrum in right hand, caduceus in left |
 |
Apollo |
Sun, arts and prophecy |
long hair, lyre, bow and arrow |
APOLINI CONSERVAT
Apollo, bare to waist, chlamys spread behind, standing facing, head left, branch
in right hand, left hand on lyre |
 |
Armenia |
Personification of Armenia |
fez-like hat |
TR P III . IMP II COS II
Armenia seated left on ground, surrounded by arms, supporting chin with
right hand, standard with banner waving in wind in background to left |
| |
Asia |
Personification of Asia |
|
|
 |
Bonus Eventus |
Agriculture |
pouring libations from patera over altar and holding
cornucopiae |
BONVS EVENTVS
Bonus Eventus, nude, standing facing, head left, patera in right hand
over lit altar at left, corn ears in left
|
|
Britannia |
Personification of the British Province |
|
|
|
Cabiri |
Sons of Vulcan |
|
|
|
Cappadocia |
Personification of Cappadocia in Central Asia Minor |
|
|
 |
Carthage |
Personification of the city of Carthage |
fruits |
SALVIS AVGG ET CAESS FEL KART
Carthage standing facing, head left, in long robe, fruits in both hands |
 |
Castor |
One of the Dioscuri, a son of Jupiter |
star, cap, horse |
CAST_OR
Castor standing facing, head left, nude but for chlamys over left
shoulder, scepter in left hand, reins of horse in right, horse standing
left in background, right front leg raised
|
 |
Ceres |
Grain |
grain ears, torch, veiled head |
CERES
Ceres, veiled, seated left on cista, corn ears in right hand, torch in
left |
 |
Clementia |
Mercy |
olive twig |
CLEMENTIA AVG
Clementia standing left, patera in right hand, scepter in left |
 |
Concordia |
Unity and agreement |
cornucopiae, scepter, patera |
P M TR P COS II
Concordia seated left, patera in right hand, resting left elbow on statue of
Spes, cornucopiae under chair
CONCORD in exergue
|
 |
Constantia |
Steadiness |
armored figure |
CONSTANTIAE-AVGVSTI
Constantia seated left on curule chair, feet on stool, right hand
raised |
 |
Constantinopolis |
Personification of the city of Constantinople |
|
CONCORDIA AVGG
Constantinopolis seated facing, spear in right hand, Victory on globe in left
hand, right foot on prow |
 |
Constantinopolis |
Personification of the city of Constantinople |
|
CONSTANTINOPOLIS
Laureate, helmeted, bust of Constantinople left, wearing imperial cloak, reversed spear over
left shoulder |
 |
Cybele |
Mother of the gods |
turreted and veiled head, lions |
MATER DEVM
Cybele seated left on a throne, flanked by two lions, branch in right hand,
scepter in left, left arm resting on drum |
 |
Dacia |
Personification of the Dacian region on the lower Danube
basin |
draco battle standard, pointed cap |
DACIA
Dacia standing left, wearing robes, draco battle standard in right hand |
 |
Dacia |
Personification of the Dacian region on the lower Danube
basin |
draco battle standard, pointed cap |
COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC /
DAC CAP in exergue
Dacia, wearing pointed cap, bound and seated left on a pile of arms and shields |
 |
Danube |
Personification of the Danube River |
reclining figure, urn, ship's prow |
COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC /
DANVVIVS in exergue
The Danube River reclining left on rocks, cloak floating above, left arm
resting on urn, right hand on ship's prow |
 |
Dea Caelestis |
Patron deity of the city of Carthage |
|
INDVLGENTIA AVGG /
IN CARTH in exergue
Dea Caelestis, holding thunderbolt and scepter, riding a lion right, behind them a spring
gushes from a rock
This coin refers to the construction of an aqueduct in Carthage, ca 203. The
somewhat confusing aspect to this coin is that the legend reads INDVLGENTIA. In this
context, the word is actually literal and not metaphorical. It refers to the indulgence of
the Emperor on building waterways for the city and not the personification of
Indulgence |
 |
Diana |
Hunting and Moon |
crescent moon, torch, bow and arrow, hunting dog, deer |
DIANA LVCIFERA
Diana standing right, holding lit torch in both hands |
 |
Diana |
Hunting and Moon |
crescent moon, torch, bow and arrow, hunting dog, deer |
DIANA FELIX
Diana walking right, drawing arrow and holding bow, hound at foot |
 |
Diana |
Hunting and Moon |
crescent moon, torch, bow and arrow, hunting dog, deer |
P M TR P XVIII COS IIII P P
Diana, crescent on head, riding left in biga of bulls |
 |
Dioscuri |
Castor and Pollux, sons of Jupiter |
twins, stars, horses |
AETERNITAS AVG N
Castor and Pollux, each with a star above cap, naked but for chlamys hanging from shoulders, standing facing each other,
each leaning on scepter with outer arm and holding bridled horse with inner arm,
wolf and twins between them
|
 |
Euphrates |
Personification of the Euphrates River |
|
SE_CVRITAS PVBLICA
Euphrates reclining right on ground, leaning on scepter in right hand, urn
at side, reed in background |
 |
Fecunditas |
Fertility |
figure with children |
FECVNDITAS
Fecunditas standing right, infant in left hand, scepter in right |
 |
Felicitas |
Happiness and Success |
caduceus, scepter |
FELICITAS PVBLICA
Felicitas standing left, caduceus in right hand, left arm resting on
column |
 |
Fides Militum |
Faithfulness of the Army |
standards |
FIDES MILITVM
Fides Militum standing facing, head left, holding two standards |
 |
Fortuna |
Luck and Fate |
cornucopiae, olive twig, patera, rudder, wheel |
FORTVNAE MVLIEBRI
Fortuna seated left, rudder on globe in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
 |
Gallia |
Personification of the Gallic province of Gaul |
|
RESTITVTORI GALLIAE
Hadrian standing right, raising kneeling Gallia |
 |
Genius |
Guardian Spirit |
turreted figure, patera, cornucopiae |
GENIO POPVLI ROMANI
Genius standing left, modius on head, naked but for chlamys over left shoulder, liquors flowing from patera in right hand,
cornucopiae in left |
| |
Germania |
Personification of Germany |
|
|
 |
Hercules |
Strength |
lion-skin, club, quiver, bow |
VIRTVTI AVGG
Hercules right, wrestling with the Nemean lion, club on ground behind him |
 |
Hilaritas |
Cheerfullness/Joy |
palm branch, cornucopiae, scepter, patera, children |
HILAR TEMPOR
Hilaritas standing left, palm in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
 |
Hispania |
Personification of Spain |
branch, rabbit |
HISPANIA
Spain reclining left, resting left arm on rock and holding branch in right, rabbit before |
 |
Honos |
Honor |
togate figure, branch, cornucopiae |
COS II
Honos, togate, standing left, branch in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
 |
Indulgentia |
Tenderness |
|
INDVLGENTIAE AVG
Indulgentia seated left, patera in right hand, scepter in left |
|
Isis |
Egyptian goddess of the Underworld |
sistrum, bucket |
ISIS FARIA
Draped bust of Isis right, wearing hem-hem crown topped by lotus flower |
 |
Italia |
Personification of Italy |
scepter, cornucopiae |
ITALIA
Italy standing left, holding scepter and cornucopiae |
 |
Italia |
Personification of Italy |
scepter, cornucopiae |
TR POT COS III
Italia seated left on globe, scepter in left hand, cornucopiae in right
ITALIA in exergue |
 |
Janus |
Time/Ages |
two-faced figure |
TR P III COS II P P
Janus standing facing, faces looking left and right, reversed spear in
right hand, thunderbolt in left |
 |
Jove |
Jupiter, King of the gods |
thunderbolt, scepter, eagle, small figure of Victory, globe |
IOVI CONSERVATORI
Jupiter, nude, drapery over left arm and spread behind, standing facing,
head left, thunderbolt in right hand, scepter in left, small figure of
Macrinus standing facing at left, head right, left arm extended |
|
Judea |
Personification of Judea |
|
|
 |
Juno |
Queen of the gods, childbirth |
peacock, scepter, patera |
IVNONI REGINAE
Juno standing left, patera in right hand, scepter in left, peacock before at feet |
|
Justitia |
Justice |
olive twig, patera, scepter |
|
 |
Laetitia |
Joy and Good Grace |
wreath, scepter, rudder steering globe, anchor |
LAETITIA AVG N
Laetitia standing facing, head left, wreath in right hand, anchor in left |
 |
Liber |
Wine |
wine cup, thyrsos staff, crown of ivy leaves, panther |
LIBERO PATRI
Liber (Bacchus) standing facing, head left, thyrsus in left hand, oenochoe
in right hand over panther at feet facing left, right forepaw
raised |
 |
Liberalitas |
Generosity |
coin shaker, cornucopiae |
LIBERALITAS AVG III
Liberalitas standing left, coin-shaker in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
 |
Libertas |
Liberty |
pileus, scepter |
LIBERTAS AVGG
Libertas standing left, pileus in right hand, scepter in left, leaning on
column with left arm |
 |
Luna |
Alternate manifestation of Diana |
|
LVNA LVCIFERA
Luna standing right, crescent on head, drapery flying, long torch in both hands |
 |
Mars |
War |
spear, shield, trophy, crested helmet, branch |
MARTI PATRI PROPVGNATORI
Mars, nude, helmeted, advancing right, chlamys flying behind, spear
pointing forward in right hand, shield in left |
 |
Mars |
War |
spear, shield, trophy, crested helmet, branch |
PONTIF TR P VIII COS II
Mars, helmeted, nude, cloak (?) hanging from left elbow, branch downward
in right hand, spear downward in left, right foot on helmet |
| |
Mauretania |
Personification of Mauretania in Africa |
|
|
 |
Mercury |
Messenger of the gods |
caduceus, petasos, marsuppium |
PIETAS AVGG
Mercury standing left, purse in right hand, caduceus in left |
 |
Minerva |
Wisdom |
spear, shield, crested helmet, aegis, owl, small figure of Victory, prow |
SECVRITAS PERPETVA
Minerva standing left with aegis on breast, resting right hand on shield set on ground, transverse spear in left |
 |
Moneta |
Money |
scales, cornucopiae |
SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR
Moneta standing left, scales in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
|
Nemesis |
Avenging Spirit |
caduceus, snake, wheel, spear pointed down |
|
 |
Neptune |
Sea |
dolphin, trident, tripod, figurehead of prow, prow |
NEPTVN AVG
Neptune standing left, dolphin in right hand, trident in left |
 |
Nilus |
Personification of the River Nile |
hippopotamus, reeds, sphinx, crocodile |
NILVS
Nilus reclining right, holding reed and cornucopiae, leaning on urn, hippopotamus
in front, crocodile below |
 |
Nobilitas |
Nobility |
palladium, scepter |
NOBILIT AVG P M TR P XII IMP VIII COS V P P
Nobilitas standing facing, head right, statuette of Minerva (?) in left hand, vertical
scepter in right |
 |
Ops |
Abundance/Wealth |
grain stalks, scepter |
OPI DIVIN TR P COS II
Ops seated left, two grain ears in right hand |
|
Orontes |
River god |
swimming figure |
GENIO ANTIOCHENI
Antioch seated, facing on rocks, Orontes swimming beneath her |
 |
Pannonia |
Personification of the province of Pannonia |
veiled figure, standard |
PANNONIAE
The two Pannoniae, veiled, standing facing each other, clasping right hands in front of standard in center |
 |
Pax |
Peace |
olive twig, scepter, cornucopiae, caduceus |
PAX FVNDATA CVM PERSIS
Pax standing left, branch upward in right hand, scepter in left |
 |
Pietas |
Devotion |
veiled and sacrificing over an altar |
PIETAS AVG
Pietas standing facing, head left, sprinkling incense with right hand over lit
altar at left, box of perfumes in left |
 |
Providentia |
Foresight |
imperial baton, globe |
PROV DEOR TR P II COS II
Providentia standing left, globe in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
 |
Pudicita |
Virtue, Chastity |
|
PVDICITIA
Pudicitia, veiled, seated left, facing front, right hand on breast, scepter in
left hand |
 |
Quies |
Rest, Retirement |
branch, scepter |
QVIES AVGG
Quies standing facing, head left, branch downward in right hand, scepter
in left |
|
Ravenna |
Personification of Ravenna in the western empire |
|
|
 |
Roma |
Personification of Rome |
armored figure with small figure of Victory,
scepter |
VRBS ROMA
Helmeted with plume, bust left in imperial mantle |
 |
Roma |
Personification of Rome |
armored figure with small figure of Victory,
scepter |
VICTORIA AAVGGG
Roma seated left on cuirass, Victory on globe in right hand, inverted spear in left hand |
 |
Saeculum Frugiferum |
Personification of the Golden Age |
|
SAEC FRVGIF COS II
Saeculum Frugiferum, radiate, bare to waist, standing left, caduceus in right hand, trident in left
|
 |
Salus |
Health, Safety |
snake |
SALVS POSTVMI AVG
Salus standing right, feeding serpent in arms |
|
Sarmatia |
Personification of Sarmatia, part of modern day
Poland and Russia |
|
|
 |
Saturn |
Agriculture, Sowing, Harvesting |
harpa |
AETERNITAS AVG
Saturn, veiled, standing right, harpa in left hand |
 |
Securitas |
Security |
hand on head |
SECVRIT PERP
Securitas standing left, leaning on a column, hand on her head |
 |
Securitas |
Security |
hand on head, globe |
SECVRIT IMPERII
Securitas seated left, globe in right hand, left arm resting on arm of
chair |
 |
Segesta |
Grain |
|
DEAE SEGETIAE
Segetiae standing facing, both hands raised, in quadrastyle temple |
 |
Senatus |
Embodiment of the Roman Senate |
|
GENIO SENATVS
Genius of the Roman Senate standing facing in long robes, head left,
branch upward in right hand, scepter in left |
|
Sicilia |
Personification of Sicily |
|
|
 |
Sol |
Sun |
radiate crown, globe, whip, captives |
ORIENS AVG
Sol treading down captive at left, right hand raised, globe in left, another captive at right |
 |
Sol |
Sun |
radiate crown, globe, whip, captives |
SOLI INVICTO
Sol in quadriga facing, holding whip |
 |
Sol |
Sun |
radiate crown, globe, whip, captives |
SOLI INVICTO
Sol, radiate, standing left in long robe, right hand raised, head of
Serapis in left |
 |
Spes |
Hope |
flower, hitches skirt |
SPES PVBLICA
Spes walking left, flower in right hand, hitching her skirt with left |
 |
Tellus |
Personification of the Earth |
plow, rake |
TELLVS STABIL
Tellus standing facing, head left, right breast exposed, plow handle in right
hand, rake in left, two grain ears growing behind |
|
Thanatos |
Death |
wings, transverse torch extinguishing fire of life |
|
 |
Tranquilitas |
Tranquility |
rudder, grain ears |
TRANQVILLITAS AVGG
Tranquillitas standing left, capricorn in right hand, scepter in left |
 |
Uberitas |
Fruitfulness |
grapes, cornucopiae, marsuppium |
VBERITAS AVG
Uberitas standing left, purse in right hand, cornucopiae in left |
 |
Venus |
Beauty |
apple, small figure of Victory, rudder |
VENERI VICTRICI
Venus standing facing, head left, apple in uplifted right hand, raising drapery over left shoulder with left hand |
 |
Venus |
Beauty |
apple, small figure of Victory, rudder, Cupid |
VENVS VICTRIX
Venus, naked to waist, standing left, holding apple and palm, resting left elbow on
shield, Cupid at feet left |
 |
Venus |
Beauty |
apple, small figure of Victory, rudder, Cupid |
VENVS VICTRIX
Venus standing left, helmet in right hand, scepter in left and leaning on shield with left arm |
 |
Vesta |
Public Health |
patera and scepter, simplum, palladium, torch |
P M TR P COS IIII P P
Vesta seated left, patera in right hand, torch in left |
 |
Vesta |
Public Health |
patera and scepter, simplum, palladium, torch |
COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC
Vesta seated left, palladium in right hand, scepter in left
VESTA in exergue |
 |
Victoria |
Victory |
wings, wreath, cross, palm |
VICTORIA AVG
Victory advancing left, palm in right hand, trophy in left |
 |
Victoria |
Victory |
wings, wreath, cross, palm |
S C
Victory flying left, hitching her skirt with right hand, holding shield inscribed S P Q R in left hand |
 |
Victoria |
Victory |
wings, wreath, cross, palm |
VICTORIA GERM
Victory standing left, wreath upward in right hand, palm in left, seated
captive at feet to left |
 |
Virtus |
Courage, Virtue |
armored figure, one breast exposed, holding
figure of Victory |
VIRTVS AVG
Virtus, helmeted, right breast exposed, standing left, Victory in right hand,
left hand resting on shield, spear against left arm |
 |
Vulcan |
Fire, Iron, Weaponry |
hammer, tongs |
REGI ARTIS
Vulcan standing facing, head right, hammer in right hand, tongs in left
|
